WHEN COMBINING CITATIONS IN APA STYLE, SHOULD BOTH OF THE AUTHOR’S NAMES BE DIVIDED BY BRACKETS?

When combining citations in APA style, should both of the author’s names be divided by brackets?

When combining citations in APA style, should both of the author’s names be divided by brackets?

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No, in APA style, when combining multiple citations in parentheses, each citation is enclosed in its own set of parentheses, and they are separated by semicolons. You do not enclose both authors' names in the same set of brackets.



Example:



  • (Smith, 2020; Johnson, 2019) ✅ Correct

  • (Smith [2020]; Johnson [2019]) ❌ Incorrect


If citing multiple works by the same author, you only include the author's name once, followed by the years separated by commas:




  • (Smith, 2018, 2020) ✅ Correct

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